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Iron and Steel

Investigation of the Tendency for Failure of Refractory Castables in the Wear Lining of a Steel Ladle Using Elongated or Cubic Shaped Tabular Alumina

Over the past decades, numerical simulation has proved to be a decisive tool for engineers. In the field of refractory technologies, numerical modelling helps increasing the understanding of the behaviour...

Dring Behaviour and Explosion Resistance of No-Cement Refractory Castables

For cement bonded refractory castables explosive spalling due to removal of free water and/or dehydration of cement hydrate have always been challenging. Naturally, cement free castables are very interesting due...

Impact of Melt Phase Formation on the High-Temperature Behaviour of MgO–CMA–C Refractories

Due to their excellent thermomechanical properties and corrosion resistance against aggressive steel/slag systems, carbon-bonded magnesia (MgO–C), alumina-magnesia (AMC), and magnesia-alumina (MAC) bricks are the dominating refractories for the lining of...

Post-Mortem Investigation of a Steel Ladle Repair Mix Containing Porous Calcium Magnesium Aluminate Aggregates

Monolithic ladle linings are cost efficient and environmentally friendly because a significant part of the used ladle lining can remain inside the ladle for a long time while only the...

China Continues to Dominate Refractories Despite a Slowing Steel Industry

China remains the largest producer of refractories, and is expected to account for more than two thirds of a global output of 37,3 Mt in 2019.

Linking Customer Needs of Refractory Suppliers with Technological Requirements on the Refractories

Although the suppliers and developers of refractories often know what is expected of their product, in many cases the details of what requirement is how important are unknown and difficult...

Mineralogy and Thermodynamics in Refractories

This paper summarises the main content of a presentation given at the 53rd Annual Symposium on Refractories sponsored by The St. Louis Section and Refractory Ceramics Division of the American...

Physical Modeling of Slag Penetration on the Refractories in a Static Magnetic Field

Alumina based refractory is the important lining material in the process of steelmaking, and slag corrosion is one of the main forms of refractory wear.

Impact of Magnesia Grain Size on the In Situ Spinel Formation in Al2O3–MgO–C Refractories

In order to evaluate the effect of magnesia grain size on spinel formation process, four compositions with different dead burned magnesia grain sizes along with fused alumina and graphite were...

The Microstructure Design of the Bonding System and Novel Technical Routes for Si3N4-Bonded SiC-Refractories

In the present work, an overview of Si3N4-bonded SiC-refractories, including an optimised bonded system and simplified production process, is given.