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Impact of Magnesia Grain Size on the In Situ Spinel Formation in Al2O3–MgO–C Refractories

In order to evaluate the effect of magnesia grain size on spinel formation process, four compositions with different dead burned magnesia grain sizes along with fused alumina and graphite were prepared. After pressing, samples were tempered at 220 °C and coked under reducing atmosphere at 1600 °C. Permanent Linear Change (PLC) and physical properties including Bulk Density (BD) and Apparent Porosity (AP) were measured.

Carbon-containing Refractories with Antioxidants in Laboratory and Practical Application

Antioxidants are common additives to carbon-containing refractories. They reinforce the carbon-bond by creation of new oxidic or non-oxidic bonds while reacting with refractory components and ambient oxygen. Strength is increased and porosity reduced, but elasticity and slag resistance as well as resistance towards thermal decomposition is lowered, particularly under vacuum conditions.